POLICIES LABOUR IN COLOMBIA

Decent Work National Policy

The Ministry of Labor has a political obligation,legal, economic and social aspects of leading the construction of the National Decent Work Policy,process that will have the active participation of the most representative organizations of employers and workers, social organizations, academia,control agencies, the jurisdictional branch, the Congress of the Republic and other Entities of the Executive Power as the National Planning Department, the Ministry of Finance and Public Credit.

The PND orders the local leaders of the country to adopt these same work policies with the participation of the most representative organizations of employers and workers from their regions.

The Decent Work Policy is aimed at promoting generation of employment, labor formalization and Protection of public sector workers and private. Also, to the application of the Standards International Labor that emerge from the commitments assumed by Colombia in scenarios bilateral, multilateral and international especially those that originate in the ILO.There is evidence of partial and particular disagreement some organizations on how it was written in  the law concerning the rules to ensure that the companies fully comply with labor standards in outsourcing processes.

STRENGTHENING DIALOGUE  SOCIAL AND THE CONCERTATION

The National System for Social Dialogue, which has its maximum representation in the National Commission on Wage and Labour Policies ( CNCPSL) and territorial level (Departments and major cities) in the Subcommittees on Wage and Labour Policies, shaped by the most representative organizations of workers and employers and government representatives at the highest national and territorial respectively level is strengthened territorial approach in programs that strengthen social dialogue and labor consultation, the prevalence of fundamental labor rights and sustainability companies. This approach contributes to the development of one of the dimensions of decent work, social dialogue, which in turn implies the strengthening of freedom of association, the right of association and collective bargaining in the public and private sectors.

STRENGTHENING OF LABOUR  INSPECTION 

The NDP, embodies the commitment of the Colombian State to ensure the effective implementation of rights at work, for it orders to adopt a national policy on inspection, surveillance and control aimed at contributing to the formalization of labor relations , to respect the right of association, affiliation and increased protection Social Security System through 4 themes:
• Review and update of prevention standards, inspection, surveillance and control of the work
• Development preventive inspection approach, with emphasis on the rural sector and critical sectors such as mining, hydrocarbons and ports
• Development of pilot mobile inspection work aimed at expanding coverage in rural areas evidence
• Strengthening articulation of policies and employment formalization through the territorial divisions of the Ministry of Labour
• Strengthening of the Superintendency of Family Subsidies on improving the provision of services to members and beneficiaries of family allowance funds.


GUARANTEE OF COLLECTION OF FINES FOR VIOLATION

The labour standards (NDP) Act strengthens the power of persuasion of the National System of Inspection, Monitoring and Control, necessary for their effectiveness and impact in transforming the culture of labor relations condition, which states that the collection of fines imposed by the Directorate Inspection, Monitoring and Control of the Ministry of Labour in favor of SENA, he moved to a public entity specialized in this task without the allocation of resources. This rule seeks to solve a problem many years ago.


EXTENSION OF PROTECTION AND SOCIAL SECURITY 

The NDP strengthens the System Protection and Social Security of the Colombian State, corrects a phenomenon that led to the concentration of the higher risks in some social security institutions. This helps to give balance to the Social Security System and ensures that workers and Colombian citizens to choose, without discrimination, Social Security Entity which they consider should be affiliated freely. Policy strengthens social protection, the risks of disability and death linked to saver Economic Benefits Newspapers (BEPS), which will be financed by the Fund cover occupational risks.


CREATION OF DECENT EMPLOYMENT

Ministry of Labour has resources annually for the recognition of food stamps to unemployed, to promote business training and developing incentives to remove barriers to labor market prior studies on social needs attention.

ADEQUATE EARNINGS AND PRODUCTIVE WORK

The NDP ordered the national government to develop a financial and operational framework that enables the linking of independent workers with incomes below the current General System of Comprehensive Social Security legal monthly minimum wage. In health, the worker may join or remain in the subsidized system, provided it meets the conditions for membership in it.

A LOOK AT THE COUNTRY

The employment policy in Colombia and the finding of the Nobel in economy 2010

Francisco José Montes Vergara *

         * Professional in Naval Sciences, Naval School.of cadets. Externado University Economist From Colombia. Master in Economics, University Pontificia Javeriana. Professor of Microeconomics of the Faculty of Economics of the University Rosary . Email: [fjmontes4 @hotmail.com].

It is important to search and find a point of convergence that allows to conclude towards the best strategy to handle this unemployment issue. Curiously, It seems that this phenomenon is part of a natural state of society.

The above As, for example, the different levels. of education, the differences in sex and ages, the excesses of offer and the demand of the labor market, the different organizational structures of companies, interests particular, globalization, which in many cases produce competition unfair, among other aspects; everyone They create a non-Pareto scenario, precisely because of the differences They exist between the agents and, therefore, in the short term there is no general balance.

The existence of the characteristics of perfect competition does not occur in the labor market and, therefore, do not exist homogeneous products or actors, as well as agents with the particularity that they are accepting prices and the existence of zero costs to enter or exit a market.

In this sense, and as a complement, an equalization of supply and demand to get to that the markets are empty. Without this fact, and the absence of a price of balance, excesses will be presented, sea ​​in the offer or in the demand, in consequently, imbalances that produce unemployment.  This situation as the teachers indicate Peter Diamond, Dale Mortensen and Christopher Pissarides, awards. Nobel in economics 2010, has its origin in the differences between each one of the players; inequalities they are represented in the different levels of education, sex, salaries, organizational structure, etc.

Notwithstanding the above, the form how to interact agents in reason to their asymmetric behaviors, In addition to the interests of each one} and the contrasts between themselves, is a human element and therefore natural that is generator of unemployment. For this reason, unemployment it is better to study it from models economic where, at least, sectors are evaluated, and not studied. added way;  Yes you can obtain as a result the no convenience of travel simultaneous of the supply curves and demand.  Under this reason, what pretend to explain that the successive adjustments (not simultaneous), where agree the offer with the demand or vice versa, may be the mechanism optimal to reach levels of satisfactory employment.

Notwithstanding the above, there will always be the unemployment variable in the models

Macroeconomic, if you consider the unemployment as a social problem (Martínez, 2003) that is also associated with economic cycles and is a policy tool (Henao and Rojas, 1998). Under this perspective, it is very naive to try to search an optimum level of employment. Low

this reason unemployment ends being a phenomenon inherent in the economy In this order of ideas, time to design policies on in particular, it should be considered that there will always be unemployment while the agents assume behaviors not efficient and unfair (not Pareto).

For the above considerations, It's important to put attention on there is a natural rate of unemployment that can vary in very small proportions to the point of power considered constant 1 (Market Stall that its oscillations in the long term, 

1 According to the study by Henao and Rojas (1998),

the natural rate of unemployment is around

of 10%.

twenty

on average, they will be minimal). So the Things, the answer to unemployment is in the conduct of the agents And, for this reason, it is best to assume positions that have strategies in mind of efficiency, justice and information symmetric in a scenario cooperative games. 

Bring on this occasion the conclusions to which the Nobel Prize winners came economy in 2010, Professors Peter Diamond, Dale Mortensen and Christopher Pissarides, it's timely. They explain the way they interact labor supply and demand in a context where companies create jobs adjusted to certain conditions, and on their side the people looking for a job try to find the occupation that Satisfy your expectations.

So things, what exists is a stadium of imperfect information, with different positions and prices; generating, consequently, high costs mutually. That is, the various needs, interests and circumstances of people and businesses that fail to fit into a point of balance brings as results the} unemployment.

Starting from this theory, to achieve efficient effects on policies that seek to reduce unemployment, it is very important to know an inventory of vacancies in institutions, know what job seekers demand and what are their profiles, like also the expectations of the people who are of working age. It is not convenient the single facility of subsidies against unemployment, the first employment law, elimination of the parafiscal; all of them by themselves alone they can produce speculations and later erroneous evaluations, because expectations will not be chords with the results. Finally, what can transcend are voices affirming that the labor policy designed it is inadequate.

In this sense, the goals that are established as for the creation of jobs must have a the starting line and locate the companies that are willing to adopt those labor contracts, and for that same way to know the costs. With} this information, the government must control those transits and not leave them to the swing of the market. The only disclosure} and approval of labor standards it does not solve the problem.

The creation of policies and norms to try to incentivize the employment without specific locations, is something similar to launching a group of deer in a jungle full of lions hungry
I have not seen or heard that  group of companies, both public as private, that they commit with linking people in their payroll, indicating profiles, salaries, needs and, of course, with a indefinite contract time. Them i leave this concern and put the letters on the table. How many people they are able to contract each company, when can they Do it and for how long?

References

Henao, M. L. and Rojas Delgadillo, N.

(1998). "The natural rate of unemployment in

Colombia. Bogotá, 1998 ", in Economic Studies,

dnp.

Martínez, H. F. (2003). "How long do the

Colombians in unemployment and employment ?:

An analysis of survival ", in Studies

Economic, dnp.